RESUMO
El trabajo presenta inicialmente una descripcion de las principales lagunas de estabilizacion existentes en Bolivia,ubicadas en las tres regiones fundamentales:altiplano (4000 m. snm.),valles (2500 m. snm) y llanos (400 m. snm); y una evaluacion del nivel de funcionamiento de las mismas,se estudiaron las lagunas de El Kenko de la La Paz,Alba Rancho de Cochabamba,San Luis de Tarija y Parque Industrial de Santa Cruz,en las que se pudo evidenciar que las deficiencias obtenidas son diferentes que las asumidas en los diseños y que las constantes de reaccion y mortandad no coinciden con las adoptadas para el diseño.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Lagoas de Estabilização/métodos , Lagoas de Estabilização/normas , BolíviaRESUMO
El contenido del documento tiene el fin de mejorar la calidad bacteriológica del efluente de la planta de tratamiento, debiendo incrementar el número de lagunas en serie y/o estudiar la posibilidad de aumentar la eficiencia de remoción de las lagunas aneróbicas, con el empleo de plantas acuáticas como son las totoras
Assuntos
Humanos , Diagnóstico , Lagoas de Estabilização/métodos , Águas Residuárias , Bolívia , Purificação da ÁguaRESUMO
Se llevó a cabo la introducción del pez larvívoro Poecilia reticulata,conocido internacionalmente como biorregulador de las larvas de mosquitos,en 2 lagunas de oxidación y 2 zanjas que contenían aguas contaminadas(albañales) sin la presencia de otras especies de peces,en el municipio Especial Islade la Juventud,con vistas a controlar las poblaciones larvarias del mosquito Culex quinquefasciatus, Say, 1823 en éstos,sus principales criaderos.A los 2,5 meses posteriores a la introducción,los referidos reservorios quedaron libres de larvas de mosquitos,y los peces se establecieron al año,alcanzando la densidad suficiente para ser utilizados en la siembra de otros acuatorios
Assuntos
Culicidae , Controle Biológico de Vetores , Poecilia , Lagoas de Estabilização/métodosRESUMO
In large population centers the treatment of vast quantities of municipal sewage to render them suitable for other uses is becoming more and more important. This is particularly necessary in dry or semi-arid regions, where waste of water can be dangerous to survival
Lima, which is situated in a semi-arid area, has in the area of San Juan, a series of ponds for the biostabilization of part of its municipal sewage. This sewage, which is exposed to decantation, aeration, and the action of sunlight, wind, and biological purification agents for almost two months, loses its excessive load of solid and particulate organic matter, and takes up oxygen on contact with the air and as a result of the action of aquatic vegetation. In the meantime, sunlight exerts a germicidal action on pathogenic agents
At present, the vegetation primarily consists of unicellular algae, which appear as heterogeneous populations with a predominance of Chlorella and Euglena rubra in the primary pools
The plankton algae in the secondary and tertiary pools are surprinsingly diverse and abundant and are involved in several phases of the process of self-purification of sewage during its stay in the pools. When the treatmetn is completed, the water in the tertiary pools is as pure as natural water, which, together with its high production capacity, can, within limits be used in agriculture and forestry and also for ...(AU)
Assuntos
Clorófitas , Lagoas de Estabilização/métodos , Purificação da Água/métodos , Engenharia Sanitária , PeruRESUMO
The effects of temperature and organic loading on the performance of waste stabilization ponds were evaluated. Specifically, these laboratory studies were performed to establish better design criteria
The data indicate that variations in temperature affect biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) removals. Within limits, the BOD removal increases as the temperature is raised. Also, changes in biological activity due to temperature fluctuations influence the pH, most probable number (MPN) of coliform organisms remaining at any position in the pond, color, suspended solids, light transmission, predominant algal species, and the required pond volume. However, not all of these variables were found to be in good correlation with BOD removal. For example, excessively long detention periods do not result in better BOD reductions. Essentially, a design equation can be written which considers both environmental temperature and pond loading(AU)